Privind acordarea protecției temporare persoanelor strămutate din Ucraina, Martie 2023
Legea cu privire la reabilitarea victimelor infracţiunilor 137/2016
Legea privind prevenirea şi combaterea traficului de fiinţe umane
Legea cu privire la prevenirea şi combaterea violenţei în familie
Convenția cu privire la prevenirea și combaterea violenței asupra femeii și violenței domestice
Legislation and international conventions provide tangible opposition to trafficking in persons. Domestic and international instruments have been enacted to prevent and suppress the process of trafficking in persons and related practices such as slavery and servitude.
At the international level, the United Nations Protocol for the Prevention and Suppression of Trafficking in Persons, especially Women, and Children (the ‘Trafficking in Persons Protocol’), to which Moldova is a signatory on 14 December 2000 and entered into force on September 2004. In accordance with paragraph 3 of article 15 of the Protocol, the Republic of Moldova does not consider itself bound by paragraph 2 of article 15 of the Protocol. Until the full establishment of the territorial integrity of the Republic of Moldova, the provisions of the Protocol will be applied only on the territory controlled by the authorities of the Republic of Moldova. This Protocol represents the most comprehensive effort by the international community to target trafficking in persons. Despite being the first instrument that considers trafficking in persons as a distinct issue, the Protocol has been strongly influenced by earlier anti–slavery and ‘white slave traffic’ conventions and treaties. Information will be available on this site detailing the development of national legislation according to the Protocol and other international instruments which preceded it.
In Moldova, prior to 2001, was no legislation that contained specific offenses relating to trafficking in persons. This changed with the introduction of Criminal Code 1131 which introduced laws criminalizing trafficking.
In 2002, was adopted a new Criminal Code that includes two art. 165 about trafficking in persons and art. 206 about trafficking in children.
The Moldavian legislator chose to address trafficking as a part of the Criminal Code recognizing trafficking as a serious crime. On June 12, 2003, the law finally recognized trafficking in persons as a specific offense whereas the old law talked about related activities. The new law talks about the trafficking of human beings in article 165 and the trafficking of children in article 206. It is comprehensive in two ways. The Moldova’’ Law covers not only the criminalization of trafficking in persons and related offenses but also the different aspects of assistance to victims as well as establishing cooperation between different state authorities and NGOs. The law is all-inclusive in defining the forms of trafficking. The Moldavian Law, while it includes the forms of trafficking as specified by the United Nations Protocol, goes above and beyond. It recognizes trafficking not only as commercial sex but also as non-commercial sexual exploitation. This includes mail-ordering brides, trafficking for the purpose of childbearing, and trafficking for marriage. An explicit reference is used to define the illegality of adoption, the use of persons in armed conflicts, the utilization of persons in criminal activities, and the trafficking for the purpose of pornography.
Each provision is accompanied by a detailed commentary, providing several options for legislators, as appropriate, and legal sources and examples.